1. An ultrasound scan sometimes called as sonogram is a procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to create an image of part of the inside of the body.
2. An ultrasound scan can be used to monitor an unborn baby, diagnose a condition, or guide a surgeon during certain procedures.

How ultrasound scans work

A small device called an ultrasound probe is used, which gives off high-frequency sound waves. You can’t hear these sound waves, but when they bounce off different parts of the body, they create “echoes” that are picked up by the probe and turned into a moving image.

Preparing for an ultrasound scan

Before having some types of ultrasound scan, you may be asked to follow certain instructions to help improve the quality of the images produced.

For example, you may be advised to:

• Drink adequate  water and hold your urine  until  the scan gets over– this may be needed for abdominal scan or your pelvic scan
• Avoid having food  several hours before the scan – this may be needed before a scan of your digestive system, including the liver and gallbladder.

What happens during an ultrasound scan

• Most ultrasound scans last between 15 and 30 minutes. They usually take place in a hospital/scan centre  in  radiology department and are performed  by a radiologist .
• There are different kinds of ultrasound scans, depending on which part of the body is being scanned and why.
• An external ultrasound scan is  used to examine an UNBORN BABY in your womb.
• It is also be used to examine the liver, kidneys and other organs in the abdomen and pelvis, as well as other organs or tissues that can be accessed through the skin, such as muscles and joints.
• A small handheld probe is placed on your skin and moved over the part of the body being examined.
• A lubricating gel is put on your skin to allow the probe to move smoothly. This also ensures there’s continuous contact between the probe and the skin.
• You shouldn’t feel anything other than the sensor and gel on your skin (which is often cold).
• If you’re having a scan of your womb or pelvic area, you may have a full bladder that causes you a little discomfort.
• There will be a toilet nearby to empty your bladder once the scan is complete.

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